Some modifications were made to the original version. 27, 169184. The study also found that the caudate nucleus, a reward center in the brain, was activated in response to negative gossip about celebrities; subjects seemed to be amused or entertained by salacious celebrity scandals. All humans partake in some form, despite the age-old adage, If you have nothing nice to say, dont say anything at all. Whether its workplace chatter, the sharing of family news or group texts between friends, its inevitable that everyone who talks, well, talks about other people. Gossip is an ubiquitous phenomenon. Individ. As outlined earlier, this is in line with previous results from observational (i.e., eavesdropping) studies showing that the content of conversation is mainly neutral in its value and only certain parts are clearly positive or clearly negative (Levin and Arluke, 1985; Dunbar et al., 1997). Bless Your Heart gossip is manipulative, spiteful, and mean. Diagnostica 61, 7691. 34, 623633. Though her thoughts and feelings are as impenetrable as the imposing, decaying house in . If they are thirsty, give them something to drink. Psychol. People often exaggerate what they pass on to make a better or more coherent story or to justify why they are speaking about someone.. This allowed researchers to unobtrusively listen in on, and analyze, the contents of participants' daily conversations. personality traits of a gossip. Rev. However, to fully understand the complex interplay between personality, gossip behavior and long term effects of gossip (i.e., social functions such as facilitation of relationship building, protection, facilitation of social learning) longitudinal studies are needed. My husband taught me the delicate balance of venting, without becoming a gossip. Anger. Sometimes bitter-vengeful gossip is driven by jealousy. More specifically, it is easy to imagine that individuals scoring higher on the dark triad readily use gossip to negatively influence another person's reputation (i.e., potential competitor or rival) to push through self-beneficial agendas. doi: 10.1007/s12110-007-9023-z, Deutchman, P., and Sullivan, J. Celebrities: from teachers to friends. Pers. The underlying motive is the same as all other forms of gossip: lack of love and respect for another human being. Remembering an event depends in part on the depth and elaboration of the encoding process of the event. This is because they need constant reassurance and validation from others. Welche Motive Fhren zu Gossip und Welche Emotionen Begleiten uns Dabei und Resultieren Daraus? (2004), for instance, understand gossip as an extension of observational learning. Using diaries to explore the characteristics of work-related gossip: methodological considerations from exploratory multimethod research. Thus, gossip keeps people from acting against the good of the group and fosters cooperation. Psychol. BF10 indicates the Bayes factor in favor of H1 over H0, that is, gives the likelihood of the data under the alternative hypothesis divided by the likelihood of the data under null hypothesis. (2013). However, we found neither a significant effect nor did the results change including gender. A man who spends most of his time gossiping about other people and even his friends usually has a general feeling of inadequacy in his own sphere of life. J. Psychol. She's so fetch. Using gossip to build relationships was more often rated as relevant by individuals scoring higher on narcissism than by those scoring lower on narcissism both in work (p < 0.001) and private (p = 0.007) settings. Malicious mouths? J. Appl. Are they just a generally cool person, or is their particular set of personality traits just irresistible? How Psychologically Conditioned Rats Are Defusing Landmines, The Innate Intelligence Observed in the Dying Process. In the workplace, people have to follow rules and adjust their behavior to fulfill or support organizational objectives. 105, 10131037. This way, to gain social comparison information minimizes the potential psychological cost. The standardized factor loadings for the six-factor model are presented separately in Figure 1 for both settings. doi: 10.1177/1059601112450607, Farley, S. D. (2011). Liar liar pants on fire: cheater strategies linked to the Dark Triad. Your sister just got a tattoo thats going to make your parents flip out. 40, 635. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.40.4.635. Br. Bull. Everyone has that one amazing friend whos funny, smart, generous, and creative in fact, just being around them makes you feel funny, smart, generous, and creative too. 25, 5876. Ways of explaining workplace bullying: a review of enabling, motivating and precipitating structures and processes in the work environment. Nobody is 100% good all the time, and I certainly won't claim that distinction either. J. Soc. Sign up for our weekly newsletters and get: By signing in, you agree to our Terms and Conditions Methods 7:147. doi: 10.1037/1082-989X.7.2.147, Schwarz, N. (1999). Again, social enjoyment reasons are more often reported by participants scoring higher on narcissism, however, only in work-related settings (p = 0.05). Having eliminated those bad apples, remaining participants were then able to work more harmoniously and inflate their collective pot. Manag. Peters, K., and Kashima, Y. Child Dev. People who do not like a person will typically seek out other people who share a mutual dislike for the same person. Anyone whos been around religious people has likely encountered this type of gossip. Evol. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. It is OK to talk negatively about others, but do not say anything bad about me. Tell it like it is. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2014.11.010, Nuzzo, R. L. (2017). Manag. One might speculate that the positive social functions of gossip depend on a moderate use of gossip be it with regard to the amount or the valence of gossip. 11 Habits of Needy People. Pers. The presence of gossip depends in large measure on how you talk about people who are not present and why you talk about them. Cliques, rumors, and gossip by the water cooler: female bullying in the workplace. Dif. Curiously, very few research exists on simply asking people about the reasons why they gossip (Beersma and Van Kleef, 2012). I gossip, I'm judgemental, and I can be lazy. Leave the exaggeration at the door, Willer says. In order to gain more knowledge about the effects of situational attributes on gossip motives, frequency, and valence future research should use experimental design or intensive longitudinal methods (i.e., diary and experience sampling). But the bottom line is this: be aware of the fine line between venting emotions and tarnishing reputations. First, we aim to examine the reasons for people to engage in gossip, replicating the study of Beersma and Van Kleef (2012). These 5 Strategies Could Help, The Secret History of the Shadow Campaign That Saved the 2020 Election. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0704598104. Second, even people with so called dark personalities are not invariably triggered by malicious motives when talking about others. Rev. (2015) also found that the caudate nucleus, the reward center in the brain, activated in response to negative gossip about celebrities, which demonstrates how salacious celebrity scandals pique peoples interest. However, we found neither a significant effect nor did the results change including gender. Unlike Beersma and Van Kleef (2012), we asked the participants to think about a situation in a work setting as well as in a private context. 16:293. doi: 10.1037/a0020773, Wisse, B., and Sleebos, E. (2016). Crucially, they could inform their new groups how much someone had contributed in earlier exercises, and could vote to exclude someone who had behaved selfishly from a round entirely. Soc. A., and Volk, A. Consequently, participants might have selected highly salient examples of gossip events that are not representative of more frequent gossip sessions. One might assume that individuals scoring higher on narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy are more likely unconcerned with moral considerations and driven by selfish reasons when engaging in gossip, consequently, contributing to the negative reputation of gossip. There are three criteria that are characterize personality traits: (1) consistency, (2) stability, and (3) individual differences. The ugly truth: negative gossip about celebrities and positive gossip about self entertain people in different ways. Leadership Organiz. When we . Therefore, one might assume that there was no need for socially desirable responding. When we notice something unjust in the world, our natural instinct as a Libra is to want to correct it, to create balance and harmony. Cost them a fortune!. Corp. Commun. Talking about other people gives an individual a sense of relief because he or she is not experiencing the same calamities. Always, bitter-vengeful gossip wishes ill on another person, and is all too happy to add to their pain by passing along any negative report to others. It's important that psychologists understand a patient's emotional pain and to show compassion. Group Organiz. gossip with humour and laughter is the 'best' kind of gossip, in the sense that it is merely orientated to entertainment and thus it is free of 'pettiness' and 'viciousness', because it is incompatible with strong negative emotions: 'People cannot anger us or make us indignant, for instance, at the same time as they make us laugh. This is why this type of gossip is listed in the behaviors of the carnal, fleshly Christian. The identity in turn emerges in part from information provided by the social environment (Baumeister, 1997, 1998; Fiske, 2004; Jones and Paulhus, 2011). J. Occup. 19, 196199. Heres how to make sure youre gossiping in a responsible, trustworthy way: Whether youre gossiping in a responsible way or not is all a matter of when youre doing it and with whom youre sharing the information, McAndrew says. Another word, Motzei Shem Rah, means "slander and untrue remarks". Soc. If anything, the results suggest the opposite. 7 Holy Week Prayers to Focus Your Heart on the Passion of Christ, This site is a proud member of the Salem Web Network, a subsidiary of, Copyright 2023, Crosswalk.com. Sometimes jealous gossip stems from wanting to be right, or best, or number one. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9299.2007.00665.x, Lyons, M. T., and Hughes, S. (2015). Plus, many introverts draw firm lines around their time, for example, "alone time," "social time," and "work time.". doi: 10.1177/1745691616666070, Nathanson, C., Paulhus, D. L., and Williams, K. M. (2006). (2018a) a BF10 > 100 indicates extreme evidence for H1, a BF10 = 30100 indicates very strong evidence for H1, a BF10 = 1030 indicates strong evidence for H1, a BF10 = 310 indicates moderate evidence for H1, a BF10 = 13 signals anecdotal evidence for H1, BF10 = 1 indicates no evidence for H1, BF10 = 0.31 signals anecdotal evidence for H0, BF10 = 0.10.3 indicates moderate evidence for H0, BF10 = 0.030.1 signals strong evidence for H0, BF10 = 0.010.03 indicates very strong evidence for H0, and a BF10 < 0.01 indicates extreme evidence for H0. Psychol. The German Version of the Revised Motives to Gossip Questionnaire In unserem privaten Alltag kommt es hufig vor, dass wir ber eine dritte Person sprechen, die nicht anwesend ist. B. Jobe, H. S. Kurtzman, and V. S. Cain (Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates), 2947. Her child struggles in school, you know.. If this explanation sounds overwhelming, the good news is that it's time to get practical. Halten Sie sich diese Situation im Folgenden vor Augen und denken Sie an Grnde, die Sie fr das Gesprch hatten. Individ. Assuming that gossip is a soft tactic or a form of indirect aggression (McAndrew, 2014), one might speculate more narcissistic individuals to be especially prone to use these methods in order to manipulate others while maintaining their social standing. Manag. Or Did you know? Hedda Hopper and Louella Parsons were two of Hollywood's favorite gossip columnists during the so-called Hollywood Golden Age, with film studios planting items to help publicize their stars and movies. For instance, when gossip validation in work context has been the dependent variable the model containing only narcissism reached the highest BF10. 34, 193205. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203891, Djeriouat, H., and Trmolire, B. 52, 482486. Psychol. 37, 519547. and New York, NY: Wiley. Psychol. A good gossiper is someone who people trust with information and someone who uses that information in a responsible way. doi: 10.1016/j.socnet.2012.07.002, Ellwardt, L., Wittek, R., and Wielers, R. (2012c). 4. 22, 420. doi: 10.1037/a0019265, Jones, D. N., and Figueredo, A. J. Pum die Person, mit der ich gesprochen habe, davor zu schtzen von der abwesenden Person ausgenutzt zu werden. The researchers listened to the sound files of the totality of those conversations and anything they classified as gossip (any talk about other people who werent part of the conversation) was coded as either positive, negative or neutral according to a standardized scale. It would be nice if we could capture the entire human experience into five simple words. Consistent with Beersma and Van Kleef (2012), we asked the participants to think about a past situation when they had a conversation with someone about an absent person. And indeed, a post hoc power analysis for the repeated ANOVA revealed that the F-test of the main effect situation did not achieve sufficient power (0.40) to detect an effect. In addition, Feinbergs research has shown that gossip can promote cooperation by spreading important information. Friendship-selection in the shadow of the Dark Triad traits. Curiously, specifically in a professional setting, people scoring high on narcissism tend to gossip more for social enjoyment reasons than people scoring low on narcissism. Libra personality traits, characteristics, what they're into and which other star signs they get on best with, according to our expert tarot reader. 81, 102106. The chi-square statistic was significant for the work setting (2(120) = 190.92, p < 0.001) but not for the private setting 2(120) = 131.37, p = 0.22). Relatsh. To examine whether the importance of motives depends on the personality of the gossiper, multiple regression analyses were conducted with the dark triad personality traits as independent variables and motives as dependent variables for both work and private situations, respectively. Schwarz, N., and Bless, H. (1992). People like to gossip. J. Pers. . He is bursting with a thirst for knowledge, inventiveness and creativity. In a first step, the BF10s of the models with narcissism, Machiavelliansim, and psychopathy as independent variables and the respective gossip motive as dependent variable were of interest (see Table 2; A: BF10). Psychonomic Bull. Miss Emily Grierson Character Analysis. In fact, they need to know the latest scoop, because inside information makes this person feel significant, included, and sometimes, even superior. If you think youd feel the urge to share this type of news if you heard it, youre probably right. The potentially more competitive professional setting elicited more malicious gossip only by people scoring high on Machiavellianism. 27, 164168. Psychol. 98, 132145. For snowball sampling they were asked to distribute the link to colleagues and other employees. Bonferroni adjusted post-hoc analysis revealed that information validation (M = 4.68, SD = 1.59), information gathering (M = 3.92, SD = 1.65) as well as negative influence (M = 2.14, SD = 1.26) differed significantly from all other motives (ps < 0.001, respectively). To distinguish between information gathering and information validation, three new items were generated to capture information gathering; three items of the information gathering and validation subscale were chosen to represent information validation. Gossip as cultural learning. As the common core the tendency to deceive, manipulate, and exploit others for one's own benefit has been suggested (Lee et al., 2013; see also Jones and Figueredo, 2013). A. So, yes, you're likable! A reciprocal influence model of social power: emerging principles and lines of inquiry. 99, 122126. A pattern of positive behavior and attitude leads to a positive personality, marked by positive personality traits. The logician wants to stand out from the crowd. As outlined earlier, gossip appears to be a painless-and-quick mean to get information about the social surrounding and oneself; either by explicitly using gossip to validate and gather information or by trying to foster relationships in order to have an audience to act. Consider the words of Romans 12:17-21: Never pay back evil with more evil. Pers. The German version of the extended Motives to Gossip Questionnaire is displayed in the Appendix. Thus, even though people disapprove of gossip in general, they consider the reasons people might have to gossip. RBum die Beziehung zu der Person, mit der ich geredet habe, zu vertiefen. doi: 10.1016/S0065-2601(07)00003-2, Kfner, A. C., Dufner, M., and Back, M. D. (2014). doi: 10.1111/spc3.12018, Grosser, T. J., Lopez-Kidwell, V., and Labianca, G. (2010). Psychol. Six distinct reasons have been identified that underlie gossip behavior: information validation, information gathering, relationship building, protection, social enjoyment, and negative influence. The study provides initial evidence that people primarily gossip to gain information about other people and not to harm others (Beersma and Van Kleef, 2012). People scoring higher on narcissism indicated information validation as a more important motive when talking about absent third parties than people scoring lower in narcissism both in work (p = 0.001) and private (p < 0.001) settings. Contrary to that perspective, gossip is considered as a form of passive-aggressive form of workplace bullying in work and organizational literature (e.g., Lewis and Gunn, 2007; Crothers et al., 2009; Privitera and Campbell, 2009). Jonason, P. K., Lyons, M., Baughman, H. M., and Vernon, P. A. charismatic. Pride is crouching inside our belittling of the struggles of others.
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